福州新航道小编给大家收集整理了雅思小作文三大提分法,希望对广大烤鸭们有所帮助,以下为详细内容:
1.解释法。所谓解释法是将图表中出现的名词在不更改词意的前提下换成另外一句话解释出来。真题为例:
The table illustrates the unemployment rate in the following 5 countries.
1985 | 1987 | 1991 | |
Belgium | 11.8% | 8.7% | 7.5% |
France | 10.2% | 7.3% | 10.7% |
Australia | 10.4% | 8.6% | 11.3% |
Canada | 8.8% | 7.4% | 8.9% |
Japan | 2.5% | 2.3% | 2.6% |
Unemployment rate 表示失业率,但是我们发现写文章时,避免不了要多次的重复提到失业率这个词。这个时候为了显示我们的语言多样化的能力,就要尽量做一些转换。比如unemployment rate 是失业率的意思,而失业率可以解释为失去工作的人数的比例或者找不到工作的人。即The proportion of people who lose their jobs 或者the number of people who cannot get a job. 这样一来,不仅避免了重复,而且还加进去一个小小的从句。这种方法称为解释法,即对描述对象做一个详细的解释说明,并取代其称为主语。
2.补集法。所谓补集法是从与之相反的角度构思。
比如 High unemployment rate(高失业率)可以转换成low employment rate (低就业率)
或者France took up the second highest unemployment rate in 1985. (法国在1985年有着第二高的失业率)可以转换成 The working situation in France was also not good. (法国的就业状况也不太好)
3.拟人法。所谓拟人法是将图表中的描述对象赋予一定的生动性。依旧用真题为例:
1. The consumption of chicken per person per week increased greatly from about 140grams in 1979 to 250 grams in 2004.
2. There was a great increase in the consumption of chicken per person per week from about 140grams in 1979 to 250 grams in 2004.
两句话的译文为:鸡肉的消耗(每人每周)从1995年的大约140克大幅度上升到2004年的250克。以上两个句子都是正确的典型的线性图中描述趋势的两个句型。但是却发现非常枯燥无味,而且物以稀为贵,这两种句型由于过于被大家熟悉,所以可能很难受到考官的青睐。我们可以稍微修饰一下。改为Chicken became increasingly popular with consumers during the period between 1979 and 2004, with a consumption growth from about 140 grams to 250 grams per person per week.
我们接下来看看之前提到的表格题适不适合这个方法呢The unemployment rate of Belgium took up the largest percentage in 1985(11.8%). 1985年比利时的失业率占据了的比例。这句话完全正确,但是显然语句也过于平淡。我们可以给语句赋予一定的生动性。比如Belgium suffered the most serious situation in terms of employment in 1985( 11.8% unemployment). 因为高的失业率是个不好的现象,所以就有了我们上面的句子,即比利时遭受着最严重的就业形势。“最严重”就是我们赋予的一个感情色彩,也就是我们提到的“拟人法”,像人一样赋之与感情。或者我们还可以说成: Belgium was the most serious country, 11.8% of people were without a job in 1985. 比利时是最严重的国家,到底怎么严重呢,后面跟着解释,即有11.8% 的人在1985年没有工作。反之,如果是失业率非常低,这是好的现象,比如,表格中失业率的是日本Japan, 与其写成The unemployment rate of Japan made up the least proportion. (日本的失业率占据了最小的比例)不如也加之一定的色彩,从而改为Japan enjoyed a very optimistic situation in terms of employment. 日本享受着一个非常乐观的就业形势。我们不难发现,与单纯的枯燥的描述百分比相比,很显然后者要生动很多。
饼状图亦是如此。我们可以看剑桥雅思7的test4中的饼状图。题目信息为在1980年和2000年澳大利亚和法国供电的能源类别。其中个饼状图当中会涉及到这样一个描述:In 1980, 50 units of electricity were produced by coal in Australia. 或者In 1985, the electricity produced by coal took up the largest percentage in Australia. 以上两句都是相对平淡无味的句子,我们也可以利用拟人法进行修饰。比如 Coal was the most significant/ common source in Australia, with 50% of electricity produced from this fuel in 1980 或者 Coal was the most significant source in Australia, with 50% of electricity contributed from this fuel in 1980. 其中的significant就相当于我们赋予了coal煤矿这种能源一个地位---重要的地位。
或者我们再随便举个简单的例子。The number of students who liked to study in the US took up the large percentage(49%)喜欢去美国学习的学生占据了的比例。(49%)可以转换成 The US was the most popular country, with 49% of students choosing to study there. 或者 The US was the most popular country, with 49% of students attracted to study there. 这里要顺便解释一下,句话中的choosing 是作为一个现在分词表示主动,而后者的attracted是过去分词表示被动。福州新航道小编提醒各位考生一定要辨清词性以及主被动关系。
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